In Central Texas, mosquitoes are more than just a summertime annoyance. These tiny, persistent pests can also transmit harmful diseases that pose serious health risks to residents. Understanding which mosquito-borne illnesses are most common in the region, how they spread, and what you can do to protect yourself is key to maintaining your family’s health and safety.

Common Mosquito-Borne Diseases in Central Texas

West Nile Virus (WNV):

West Nile virus is one of the most well-known mosquito-borne illnesses in the United States, including Central Texas. It is primarily transmitted by Culex mosquitoes.

• Symptoms: Most people infected with WNV experience no symptoms. However, about 20% may develop mild symptoms such as fever, headache, body aches, and fatigue. Severe cases can lead to neurological issues such as encephalitis or meningitis.
• Risk Factors: Older adults and those with weakened immune systems are at higher risk of severe illness.
• Prevention: Preventing mosquito bites is crucial, as there is no specific treatment for WNV.

Zika Virus:

While Zika virus is more prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, Central Texas has seen sporadic cases, especially during mosquito season. Aedes mosquitoes, known for their aggressive daytime biting habits, transmit the virus.

• Symptoms: Many people experience no symptoms or only mild ones, such as fever, rash, joint pain, and red eyes.
• Pregnancy Concerns: Zika virus can cause serious birth defects if a pregnant woman is infected.
• Prevention: Eliminating standing water, wearing insect repellent, and using window screens are key steps to reduce exposure.

Dengue Fever:

Dengue fever, another illness spread by Aedes mosquitoes, is less common in Central Texas but can occur among travelers returning from affected regions.

• Symptoms: High fever, severe headaches, joint and muscle pain, rash, and mild bleeding.
• Risk Factors: Dengue is more common in tropical areas, but travelers and residents in Central Texas should remain aware, especially during peak mosquito activity.
• Prevention: Wearing protective clothing, using mosquito repellents, and staying indoors during peak mosquito hours can help reduce the risk.

How Mosquitoes Spread Disease

Mosquito-borne diseases are transmitted when an infected mosquito bites a human. Mosquitoes become carriers after feeding on an infected animal or human, and they pass on the virus through subsequent bites. Factors that increase the risk of transmission include:

• High Mosquito Populations: Areas with standing water, overgrown vegetation, and warm weather conditions support large mosquito populations.
• Increased Outdoor Activity: Spending more time outdoors during mosquito season increases the likelihood of bites.
• Lack of Mosquito Control Measures: Areas without proper pest control or public health interventions may see higher rates of mosquito-borne diseases.

Prevention Strategies

Protecting yourself and your community from mosquito-borne diseases requires a combination of personal precautions and community efforts.

• Eliminate Standing Water: Mosquitoes lay their eggs in stagnant water. Regularly check for and remove water from flowerpots, buckets, birdbaths, and outdoor toys.
• Maintain Your Yard: Trim grass and shrubs, clear debris, and keep gutters clean to reduce mosquito resting areas.
• Use Protective Barriers: Install window and door screens, use mosquito netting, and wear long sleeves and pants to minimize skin exposure.
• Apply Insect Repellents: Choose EPA-approved repellents containing DEET, picaridin, or oil of lemon eucalyptus.
• Stay Informed: Keep up with local health advisories and reports of mosquito-borne disease activity in Central Texas.

The Role of Professional Pest Control

In addition to personal efforts, professional pest control services play a crucial role in reducing mosquito populations. Trained technicians can:

• Identify Breeding Sites: Pinpoint areas where mosquitoes lay eggs and eliminate them.
• Apply Targeted Treatments: Use specialized sprays and larvicides to control mosquito populations and prevent future outbreaks.
• Offer Ongoing Maintenance: Regular visits ensure that mosquito populations remain under control throughout the season.

Mosquito-borne diseases in Central Texas, such as West Nile virus, Zika virus, and dengue fever, can pose significant health risks. By understanding how these illnesses spread and taking proactive measures to reduce mosquito exposure, you can protect yourself and your family. Whether through personal prevention or professional pest control services, every effort counts toward creating a safer, healthier environment.